kiirustanud

Kiirustanud is Estonian and serves as the past participle form of the verb kiirustama, meaning to hurry or hasten. It is used both as a participle that can modify nouns and as part of compound tenses with the auxiliary verb olema (to be), for example in forms like olin kiirustanud (I had hurried).

Etymology and meaning: kiirustama derives from kiirus, meaning speed. The participle kiirustanud conveys the sense that the action of hurrying has taken place, either as a completed action in the past or as a descriptor of a state resulting from hurried behavior. As an adjective, kiirustanud agrees with the noun it modifies and can describe a person, action, or situation that involved hurriedness.

Usage: kiirustanud is common in both spoken and written Estonian. It can denote a single hurried event or be used in a broader description of someone who hurried. It often appears in clauses referring to past actions or states, especially with perfect tenses formed with olema: „ta oli kiirustanud” (he had hurried).

Examples:

- Ta oli kiirustanud, et jõuda rongile.

- Olin kiirustanud, et mitte hiljaks jääda.

- Kiirustanud inimesed, kes tormasid väljusid hoonest korraga.

Related terms include kiirus (speed) and kiirustama (to hurry). Kiirustanud as a form is versatile: it functions as a descriptive participle and helps construct past-time expressions, contributing to a nuanced depiction of hurried actions in Estonian.