khayalgayaks

Khayalgayaks are a traditional form of Mongolian throat singing. The term "khayalgayak" literally translates to "imaginary singing" or "singing of the imagination," hinting at the vocal techniques employed. These techniques involve producing multiple pitches simultaneously, creating a harmonic drone with a higher melody sung over it. This is achieved through precise control of the vocal cords and resonance chambers of the throat and mouth.

The musical tradition of khayalgayak is deeply rooted in the nomadic culture of Mongolia, often associated with pastoral life and the natural soundscape. It is believed to have originated from imitating the sounds of nature, such as wind, water, and animal calls. Historically, khayalgayaks were performed by individuals, often as a means of personal expression or for entertainment.

There are several distinct styles of khayalgayak, each with its own characteristic sounds and performance practices. These styles can vary regionally within Mongolia. While often performed solo, khayalgayak can also be incorporated into ensembles, sometimes accompanying traditional Mongolian instruments like the Morin Khuur (horsehead fiddle). The practice is passed down through generations, often within families or through apprenticeships with master singers. Khayalgayak is recognized as an important element of Mongolian intangible cultural heritage.