kevali

Kevali, or kevalin, is a term in Jainism used to describe a soul that has attained kevala jnana, the supreme form of knowledge. The word derives from kevala, meaning complete or entire, signifying an all-encompassing, unobstructed understanding. A kevali possesses infinite knowledge and perception that are not mediated by the ordinary senses or limited by karmic matter.

Kevala jnana is considered the highest epistemic state in Jain philosophy. It is characterized by anand-jnana (infinite knowledge) and anant-darśana (infinite perception), enabling the kevali to know past, present, and future without error. Achieving this state requires intense spiritual discipline, purification of karma, and detachment from passions and worldly attachments. Once attained, the kevali retains this perfect knowledge and awareness, regardless of changing circumstances.

Kevalis are described as rare and highly revered within Jain literature. They are not confined to a single class or life stage and can include various individuals who have cleansed their souls of karmic bondage through austerity, ethical conduct, and right-sided living. In many Jain texts, notable figures such as the Tirthankaras are associated with kevala jnana, having reached the level of omniscience to teach the path to liberation. The concept of kevali serves as a doctrinal standard for ultimate spiritual achievement within Jain cosmology and ethics.