kerosiin

Kerosiin, commonly known as kerosene, is a flammable hydrocarbon liquid derived from crude oil through the process of distillation. It is primarily used as a fuel and a solvent. Kerosene has a characteristic smell and a clear, pale yellow appearance.

Historically, kerosene became widely used in the 19th century as a lighting fuel, replacing whale oil and other more expensive or less efficient sources. Today, it remains an important fuel for heating, cooking, and lighting in various regions, especially where electricity is less accessible. Additionally, kerosene is used as an aviation fuel (Jet-A and Jet-A1) and as a solvent in cleaning agents and industrial processes.

Kerosene’s combustion produces heat and energy efficiently, but it also emits pollutants such as particulate matter and carbon monoxide, contributing to air pollution and health concerns. Proper handling and storage are essential to prevent fire hazards and environmental contamination.

Chemical composition of kerosene typically includes a mixture of hydrocarbon molecules, mainly alkanes, cycloalkanes, and aromatic hydrocarbons, with boiling points ranging from approximately 150 to 275 degrees Celsius (302 to 527 degrees Fahrenheit). Its properties can vary depending on the source and refining process.

Due to concerns over climate change and air quality, there is ongoing research into alternative fuels, but kerosene remains a significant energy source globally, particularly in developing regions and specific industrial applications. Its production and consumption are regulated by environmental and safety standards to mitigate associated risks.