keinomykiö

Keinomykiö is a Finnish term that translates to "fake mushroom" or "false morel." It refers to a group of fungi, primarily from the genus Gyromitra, that are often mistaken for true morels (Morchella species) due to their similar appearance. These fungi are characterized by their convoluted, brain-like or saddle-shaped caps, which lack the distinctive honeycombed structure of true morels.

The most well-known species within the Keinomykiö group is Gyromitra esculenta, also known as the false morel or beefsteak mushroom. While some cultures consume these fungi after specific preparation methods, they are widely recognized as poisonous. The primary toxin responsible for their toxicity is gyromitrin, which is metabolized in the body to monomethylhydrazine (MMH), a component of rocket fuel. Ingesting improperly prepared Gyromitra species can lead to severe gastrointestinal distress, liver damage, neurological symptoms, and in some cases, death.

Distinguishing between true morels and false morels is crucial for mushroom foragers. True morels have hollow stems and caps that are distinctly pitted or ridged, resembling a honeycomb. False morels, on the other hand, typically have solid, lobed, or wrinkled caps and often have a more irregular, fleshy appearance. Due to the potential for serious poisoning, many mycological authorities advise against the consumption of any mushroom identified as a false morel. Even with proper cooking, residual toxins can remain, and individual sensitivity varies.