kavitációval

Kavitációval refers to cavitation in Hungarian. Cavitation is a physical phenomenon that occurs when the local pressure in a liquid drops below its vapor pressure, causing the formation of tiny bubbles or cavities filled with vapor. As the liquid flows into areas of higher pressure, these bubbles collapse violently. This collapse generates shock waves and can cause significant damage to surrounding solid surfaces.

The formation and collapse of cavitation bubbles are often accompanied by noise, vibration, and erosion. Cavitation can occur in various situations involving liquids in motion, such as in pumps, turbines, propellers, and even in medical ultrasound applications. In engineering, cavitation is generally considered undesirable due to its potential to reduce the efficiency of machinery and cause material wear.

The process begins with a low-pressure zone, where the liquid's internal energy is insufficient to maintain its cohesive state. This leads to the formation of vapor-filled voids. When these voids move to a region of higher pressure, the surrounding liquid rushes in, causing the cavities to implode. The intensity of the implosion depends on factors like the liquid's properties, the pressure differential, and the proximity of solid surfaces. Understanding and mitigating cavitation is crucial in many industrial and technological fields.