kasvuainetta

Kasvuaine, also known as plant growth regulator or PGR, is a naturally occurring or synthetic organic compound that influences the growth and development of plants. These substances can affect various physiological processes, including cell division, cell elongation, differentiation, and flowering. They are typically produced in small quantities within the plant but can have significant effects on its overall morphology and physiology.

Plants naturally produce several classes of growth regulators. Auxins are primarily involved in cell elongation, root formation, and apical dominance. Cytokinins promote cell division and delay leaf senescence. Gibberellins stimulate stem elongation, seed germination, and flowering. Abscisic acid plays a role in dormancy, stress responses, and abscission. Ethylene is a gaseous hormone that influences fruit ripening, senescence, and abscission.

Synthetic plant growth regulators are used in agriculture and horticulture to manipulate plant growth for various purposes. They can be applied to increase crop yield, improve fruit quality, promote or inhibit rooting, control plant height, enhance flowering, or protect plants from environmental stress. The use of PGRs requires careful consideration of concentration, timing, and application method to achieve the desired effects without causing phytotoxicity. Regulatory bodies often oversee the use of synthetic PGRs to ensure safety for consumers and the environment. Research continues to explore the complex roles of these compounds and develop new applications for sustainable agriculture.