kariotüüpi
Kariotüüpi refers to the complete set of chromosomes in a cell or organism. It is an individual's chromosome complement, which is typically arranged in homologous pairs. Humans, for example, have a normal diploid karyotype consisting of 23 pairs of chromosomes, totaling 46 chromosomes. These include 22 pairs of autosomes and one pair of sex chromosomes (XX for females and XY for males).
The karyotype is usually determined by examining a cell during metaphase, when chromosomes are maximally condensed
Analyzing the karyotype is crucial in genetics and medicine. It can reveal chromosomal abnormalities, such as