karakterkódolásokkal

Karakterkódolások refers to the systems used to represent characters, such as letters, numbers, and symbols, as numerical values. These numerical values are then stored and transmitted by computers. Different character encodings exist because there isn't a single, universally agreed-upon standard for assigning these numbers to every possible character.

Historically, early character encodings were developed to handle specific languages or character sets. For example, ASCII (American Standard Code for Information Interchange) was one of the first widely adopted encodings, primarily for English characters. However, as computing became global, the limitations of fixed-size encodings like ASCII became apparent, as they could not represent characters from many other languages.

To address this, various extended encodings were developed. These often built upon ASCII but added support for more characters, particularly those with accents or from non-Latin alphabets. Examples include ISO 8859-1 (Latin-1) and Windows-1252. These encodings still had limitations in terms of the sheer number of characters they could represent.

The most significant development in character encoding is Unicode. Unicode aims to provide a unique number, called a code point, for every character in every writing system, as well as symbols and emojis. While Unicode defines the code points, it requires an encoding scheme to map these code points to actual byte sequences for storage and transmission. Common Unicode encoding schemes include UTF-8, UTF-16, and UTF-32. UTF-8 is the most prevalent on the internet due to its efficiency and backward compatibility with ASCII. Choosing the correct character encoding is crucial for ensuring that text is displayed and processed accurately across different systems and languages.