kapsulotomiával

Kapszulotómia refers to a surgical procedure involving an incision or opening into a capsule. The term is most commonly associated with ophthalmology, specifically in the context of cataract surgery. In this field, a capsulotomy is performed to create an opening in the lens capsule, a thin membrane that surrounds the natural lens of the eye. This opening allows the surgeon to remove the clouded lens (cataract) and implant an artificial intraocular lens (IOL).

There are different types of capsulotomies performed in ophthalmology. An anterior capsulotomy involves making an opening in the front part of the capsule, while a posterior capsulotomy is an opening in the back part. The most common type is an anterior capsulotomy, often performed manually with instruments or, increasingly, with a femtosecond laser, which offers greater precision. A posterior capsulotomy, sometimes referred to as a YAG capsulotomy, is a non-invasive laser procedure used to clear clouding that can develop in the posterior capsule months or years after cataract surgery. This secondary clouding is often referred to as a "posterior capsular opacification."

Beyond ophthalmology, the term "kapszulotómia" could theoretically refer to a similar procedure on other anatomical capsules, though such usage is far less common in medical literature. The primary and most widely understood application of the term is within eye surgery. The success of a capsulotomy is crucial for the overall outcome of cataract surgery and for restoring clear vision.