kandjaõliga

Kandjaõliga, often transliterated as kandja oil, refers to a type of oil derived from the seeds of the *Jatropha curcas* plant, also known as physic nut or Barbados nut. This plant is a shrub or small tree that thrives in tropical and subtropical regions. The seeds of *Jatropha curcas* are rich in oil, typically containing 30-40% by weight.

The extraction of kandjaõliga is usually done through pressing the seeds, either mechanically or using solvents. The resulting oil is a yellowish liquid. Historically and in various traditional practices, kandjaõliga has been utilized for a range of purposes. In some regions, it has been used in lamps for illumination and as a component in traditional medicines for external applications, such as treating skin conditions.

However, it is important to note that the raw seeds and oil of *Jatropha curcas* are toxic due to the presence of phorbol esters. Therefore, raw kandjaõliga is not suitable for consumption and requires careful handling. Despite its toxicity, research has explored its potential in biofuels, as it can be processed into biodiesel. Commercial applications are limited due to the toxicity concerns and the availability of safer alternatives for many uses. The cultivation of *Jatropha curcas* for oil production has been explored as a cash crop in some developing countries, but its widespread adoption faces challenges related to toxicity management and market viability.