kandidoosia

Kandidoosia, commonly known as a yeast infection, is a fungal infection caused by yeasts from the genus Candida. The most common species implicated is Candida albicans. These fungi are naturally present in the human body, particularly in the mouth, gut, and on the skin, and usually do not cause harm. However, an overgrowth of Candida can lead to infection.

Factors that can contribute to candidiasis include a weakened immune system due to conditions like HIV/AIDS or chemotherapy, antibiotic use which disrupts the natural balance of microbes, diabetes, and hormonal changes such as those during pregnancy. It can also occur due to prolonged use of certain medications or medical devices.

Symptoms of candidiasis vary depending on the affected area. Oral thrush, for example, presents as white patches on the tongue and inner cheeks. Genital candidiasis can cause itching, burning, and discharge. Skin candidiasis may appear as a red, itchy rash, often in skin folds. Invasive candidiasis, a more serious form, occurs when Candida enters the bloodstream and can affect internal organs.

Diagnosis typically involves a physical examination and laboratory tests, such as microscopy or culture of samples from the affected area. Treatment usually involves antifungal medications, which can be topical creams or oral medications, depending on the severity and location of the infection. Prevention strategies often focus on maintaining good hygiene, managing underlying health conditions, and avoiding unnecessary antibiotic use.