kaevandeid
Kaevandeid is the Estonian term for mines, referring to sites where minerals and other geological materials are extracted from the earth. The singular is kaevandus; kaevandeid is the plural. The term covers underground mines as well as surface open-pit operations, such as quarries.
Mines can be classified by extraction method: open-pit (surface) mines, which remove rock in steps and create
Mining is subject to regulation by government bodies. Licenses, environmental permits, and safety standards govern exploration,
Globally, kaevandeid span a wide range of materials, including metal ores, coal, stone, peat, and oil shale.