kadencj

Kadencja is a Polish term that has several related meanings, depending on context. It most commonly refers to the length of time a person or body holds an official position before elections or a new appointment. In political and administrative contexts, a kadencja is a fixed term defined by law or constitution, after which elections are held or appointments are renewed. The length of a kadencja varies by country and office, and many systems also regulate whether re-election is possible, how terms can be served in succession, and what happens if a term is cut short.

In political practice, kadencje determine the duration of offices such as presidents, prime ministers, legislators, and other elected or appointed officials. Typical term lengths range from around four to six years, though some offices have shorter or longer periods. Constitutional provisions may set limits on the number of consecutive kadencje a person can serve, while others allow unlimited re-eligibility. The concept also covers interim or emergency administrations that serve a kadencja of limited length until regular elections can be held.

In music, kadencja (cadence) describes a harmonic ending that gives a sense of closure to a musical phrase or section. Cadences establish or confirm a key and can create different levels of resolution. Common types include authentic (or perfect) cadences that progress from V to I, plagal cadences from IV to I, half cadences that end on V, and deceptive cadences that move unexpectedly to a different chord such as VI. The term derives from Latin cadere, meaning to fall or come to an ending.