kadangkadang

Kadangkadang is a word from Malay and Indonesian language contexts that functions as an adverb meaning sometimes or occasionally. It is commonly treated as a variant spelling of the more widely used kadang-kadang, and in many modern references kadang-kadang is the preferred form in standard writing.

In usage, kadangkadang appears in some older texts, regional writings, or informal usage where orthography varies by dialect or historical period. In contemporary Malay and Indonesian orthography, the hyphenated kadang-kadang is generally recommended as the standard form, while kadangkadang may be encountered as a nonstandard or archaic alternative. The meaning remains the same: it modifies verbs or clauses to indicate irregular or infrequent occurrence.

Phonology and morphology reflect its roots in the reduplication pattern common to Malay and Indonesian adverbs of frequency. The term conveys a sense of episodic occurrence rather than a fixed habit, and it can fit a range of sentence types, from narrative to descriptive passages. While kadang-kadang is widely recognized across media and literature, kadangkadang is more likely to be preserved in historical texts, regional varieties, or casual speech.

See also: kadang-kadang, Malay and Indonesian reduplication, adverbs of frequency. Note that when writing in formal Indonesian or Malay, kadang-kadang is the preferred form; kadangkadang may be understood but is often treated as nonstandard or archaic in modern style guides.