jõudluselektrokardiogramm

Jõudluselektroonika, often shortened to power electronics, is a field of electrical engineering that deals with the control and conversion of electric power using solid-state electronic devices. Unlike signal electronics, which handles small electrical signals, power electronics focuses on high-power applications. These applications range from the power supplies in consumer electronics to large industrial motor drives and renewable energy systems.

The core of power electronics lies in semiconductor devices such as diodes, transistors (like MOSFETs and IGBTs), and thyristors. These devices are used as switches to control the flow of electrical energy. By rapidly switching these devices on and off, engineers can alter voltage, current, and frequency characteristics of electrical power. This allows for efficient conversion between different forms of electrical power, such as alternating current (AC) to direct current (DC) in rectifiers, DC to AC in inverters, or changing voltage levels in converters.

Key applications of power electronics include electric vehicle powertrains, where DC battery power is converted to AC for motor operation. They are also crucial in renewable energy systems like solar and wind power, where the generated power needs to be conditioned for grid connection or battery storage. Furthermore, power electronics are essential in high-efficiency power supplies for computers and telecommunications equipment, as well as in industrial processes like welding and motor control. The continuous development in semiconductor technology aims to improve efficiency, reduce size, and lower the cost of power electronic systems.