jännitteensiirron

Jännitteensiirto, known in English as voltage transfer or voltage division, is a fundamental concept in electrical engineering. It describes how a voltage can be divided across multiple components in a circuit. The most common and straightforward example is the voltage divider circuit, typically consisting of two resistors connected in series across a voltage source.

In a simple voltage divider, the total voltage supplied by the source is split between the two resistors. The amount of voltage across each resistor is proportional to its resistance relative to the total resistance of the series combination. This relationship is governed by Ohm's Law. If you have a voltage source V_in and two resistors, R1 and R2, in series, the voltage across R2 (V_out) can be calculated as V_out = V_in * (R2 / (R1 + R2)).

This principle has numerous practical applications. Voltage dividers are used to create reference voltages, reduce a high voltage to a lower, usable level for sensitive components like microcontrollers, and as sensors where a change in resistance (e.g., in a thermistor or photoresistor) directly translates to a change in the output voltage. While simple, the concept of jännitteensiirto is crucial for understanding more complex circuit behavior and for designing effective electronic systems. It is a building block for many analog circuits.