jännitteensiirto

Jännitteensiirto, also known as voltage transfer, is a fundamental concept in electrical engineering that describes the process of moving electrical energy from one point to another through a change in voltage. This is typically achieved using transformers or other voltage conversion devices. In power transmission, voltage is stepped up to very high levels to minimize energy loss during long-distance transport. This is because power is the product of voltage and current (P = V * I), and for a given amount of power, increasing the voltage allows for a corresponding decrease in current (I = P / V). Lower currents reduce resistive losses in the transmission lines, which are proportional to the square of the current (P_loss = I^2 * R).

Conversely, before electricity can be used by consumers, the high transmission voltage must be reduced to safer and more usable levels. This is accomplished through a series of step-down transformers located at substations and closer to end-users. Jännitteensiirto is therefore a critical process for the efficient and practical delivery of electrical power from generation sources to homes and businesses. The principles of jännitteensiirto are governed by Faraday's law of induction and the laws of electromagnetism, forming the basis for the design and operation of modern electrical grids.