jännitevaihtelua

Jännitevaihtelu, also known as voltage fluctuation or voltage variation, refers to the deviation of the electrical supply voltage from its nominal or intended value. This deviation can manifest as an increase (overvoltage) or a decrease (undervoltage) in the voltage level. These fluctuations can occur over various time scales, from momentary sags and swells to longer-term drifts.

The causes of jännitevaihtelu are diverse. On the supply side, they can stem from faults in the power grid, changes in load demand, or the operation of large industrial equipment. Within a building or facility, the operation of high-power appliances, the switching of inductive loads, or even poorly maintained wiring can contribute to voltage variations.

The effects of jännitevaihtelu can range from negligible to severe. Sensitive electronic equipment, such as computers, medical devices, and modern control systems, can be particularly susceptible to damage or malfunction due to unstable voltage. Even less sensitive equipment, like motors, might experience reduced efficiency, premature wear, or overheating. In residential settings, noticeable effects can include flickering lights or intermittent operation of appliances.

Mitigating jännitevaihtelu often involves measures at the source of the problem, such as improving power grid stability, installing surge protectors, or using voltage regulators and uninterruptible power supplies (UPS) for critical loads. Proper electrical system design and regular maintenance are also crucial in minimizing these fluctuations.