jinak

Jinak is a Czech adverb meaning "otherwise," "in a different way," or "else." It is used to contrast a statement with what would be the case under different circumstances or to indicate an alternative description. In both speech and writing, jinak often signals a shift or a condition that differs from what has been stated.

The phrase jinak řečeno is a common fixed expression meaning "in other words." In everyday speech, jinak can also convey a sense of contrast or difference, for example when comparing two ways of thinking or two possible outcomes. Its usage is versatile, appearing in formal prose as well as colloquial conversation.

Etymology-wise, jinak is derived from the adjective jiný "other" with derivational suffixes that form adverbs. The word belongs to a family of Slavic terms developed from the same root for “other,” and cognates appear in other Slavic languages. This shared heritage reflects how Czech uses jinak to express alternative states or conditions relative to what has been described.

In summary, jinak functions as a common Czech adverb to mark contrast or an alternative, with a well-established set phrase in its repertoire and historical ties to the broader Slavic linguistic tradition.