izzólámpás

Izzólámpás, in Hungarian, denotes an incandescent lamp, a light source that emits light by heating a filament to incandescence. The filament is typically tungsten and is enclosed in a glass bulb that is either evacuated or filled with an inert gas to reduce oxidation. When electric current passes through the filament, it heats to around 2500–3000 kelvin, producing a broad spectrum of light with a warm color.

Most common form is a tungsten-filament incandescent lamp; halogen incandescent variants use a small amount of halogen gas to improve efficacy and life. Lamps are available in various shapes and sizes and operate directly from mains voltage in the common household range.

History: Incandescent lighting originated from carbon-filament lamps in the 19th century and was commercialized in the late 1800s. The tungsten filament, introduced in the early 20th century and refined by William Coolidge, provided higher temperature tolerance, efficiency, and lifespan, leading to its widespread adoption.

Performance: Traditional incandescent lamps have relatively low luminous efficacy, typically 10–20 lumens per watt, and lifespans of roughly 1,000–2,000 hours. They generate substantial heat and have color rendering that is generally warm and pleasing.

Current status: Due to energy-efficiency standards, many regions have phased out or restricted non-LED incandescent lamps in general lighting. Incandescent lighting persists in niche applications, decorative lighting, and where dimming compatibility is valued or color rendering is prioritized.