ivotnosti

Iivotnost, often written in standard Czech as životnost, is an abstract noun that denotes the length of time something remains alive, functional, or usable. The term is used in both biological and technical contexts to describe how long a living being can live or how long an object, component, or system can perform before it degrades beyond acceptance.

In biology and medicine, životnost refers to lifespan or life expectancy—how long an organism lives under given conditions. This usage depends on genetics, health, environment, and lifestyle, and is often analyzed with life tables, survival curves, and related demographic tools.

In engineering and materials science, životnost describes the service life or durability of devices, structures, or materials. It encompasses the period during which a product meets specified performance criteria, taking into account wear, fatigue, corrosion, and maintenance. Reliability engineering and accelerated life testing are common methods to estimate service life and to predict failure rates.

Differences in usage reflect the term’s broad scope: biological longevity focuses on living systems, while mechanical longevity emphasizes functional longevity and safety. Factors influencing životnost across domains include design quality, operating conditions, maintenance, environmental exposure, and usage intensity.

Examples illustrate the range of the concept: human life expectancy varies by country and over time; a car battery might last several years; a lighting device may endure tens of thousands of hours of operation. Overall, životnost provides a uniform way to express the expected duration of life or usefulness across diverse fields.