iudiciaria

Iudiciaria is a Latin adjective meaning pertaining to judgment or judicial. The feminine form iudiciaria modifies feminine nouns; the masculine form is iudiciarius and the neuter iudicarium, reflecting standard Latin gender agreement. It is derived from iudicium (judgment) with the suffix -arius.

In Roman law and later legal usage, iudiciaria appears in phrases that denote the judicial function or jurisdiction of institutions and officials. For example, iudiciaria potestas refers to the power to judge, exercised by magistrates such as praetors; iudiciaria iurisdictio indicates jurisdiction over legal matters. The term helps distinguish the judicial power from other branches, such as legislative or executive powers. In medieval and early modern Latin, iudiciaria continued to appear in legal commentaries and codifications to describe courts, tribunals, or the act of judging.

Modern languages rarely use iudiciaria as a standalone word, but the form survives in scholarly Latin and in Latinized legal phrases that translate "judicial" or "judiciary" in discussions of Roman law or classical jurisprudence. In Italian and Spanish, the corresponding native forms differ, but iudiciaria may be encountered in Latinized legal titles or academic references.

See also: iudex, iudicium, iurisdictio, iudicialis.