itaalia

Itaalia is a country in Southern Europe, occupying the Italian Peninsula and several large islands, including Sicily and Sardinia. It borders France, Switzerland, Austria and Slovenia, and its coastline fronts the Mediterranean Sea. Its terrain ranges from the Alpine north to rolling hills and coastal plains in the south. Major geographic features include the Alps, the Apennine Mountains, and rivers such as the Po and the Tiber. The capital is Rome.

Itaalia is a republic established in 1946 after a constitutional referendum. It has a bicameral Parliament, comprising the Chamber of Deputies and the Senate. The President is the head of state; the Prime Minister is the head of government. The country is divided into 20 regions, including five autonomous regions.

Itaalia has a diversified economy and is among the largest in the euro area. Key sectors include manufacturing, automotive, fashion and design, tourism, and agriculture (wine, olive oil). It uses the euro and is a founding member of the European Union and a participant in the Schengen Area. Major cities include Milan, Naples, Turin, Venice, Florence, and Rome.

Itaalia has a rich cultural heritage spanning ancient Rome, the Renaissance, and modern times. It is known for art, architecture, literature, music, and cuisine. Italian is the official language; regional languages are recognized in some regions. Roman Catholicism is the historical religion, with religious diversity growing in recent decades.

Notable landmarks include the Colosseum, Pompeii, the Leaning Tower of Pisa, and Venice's canals. Vatican City, an independent state enclaved within Rome, is a key religious and cultural site.