istý

Istý is a Slovak adjective meaning certain, definite, or sure. It is used to modify a noun, signaling that the item is specific or known to both speaker and listener. In everyday use it can indicate a particular person or thing, as in istý muž or istá žena, and it can be used with plural nouns as isté dôkazy (certain evidence). The phrase na istý čas means for a definite period of time.

Grammar and usage

Istý is declined like a standard Slovak adjective ending in -ý. The basic forms are: masculine singular nominative istý; feminine singular istá; neuter singular isté. In the plural, masculine animate is isti, masculine inanimate and feminine plural typically isté; neuter plural is isté. The choice of form follows the noun’s gender and number, with the same rules that govern other -ý adjectives in Slovak.

Etymology and related forms

Istý is cognate with the Czech form jistý; both derive from a common Slavic lineage, typically traced to Proto-Slavic roots meaning “certain” or “assured.” The two languages share parallel meanings and similar usage, though spelling differs (Slovak istý versus Czech jistý).

See also

In Slovak, istý contrasts with related expressions that convey different degrees of certainty or generality, and it coexists with other modifiers that specify definiteness in noun phrases.