isotopmärka

Isotopmärka refers to the process of labeling a molecule or substance with isotopes. Isotopes are atoms of the same element that have different numbers of neutrons, and thus different atomic masses. By incorporating isotopes, particularly radioactive or stable isotopes, into a specific molecule, scientists can trace its pathway, concentration, or metabolic fate within a system. This technique is widely used in various scientific disciplines.

In medicine, isotopmärka is crucial for diagnostic imaging techniques like Positron Emission Tomography (PET) and Single-Photon Emission Computed Tomography (SPECT). Radioactive isotopes, such as fluorine-18 or technetium-99m, are attached to specific biomolecules that are taken up by certain tissues or cells. The emitted radiation is detected by scanners, creating images that reveal physiological processes or the presence of disease.

In chemistry and biology, stable isotopes, like deuterium (hydrogen-2) or carbon-13, are often used. These isotopes do not emit radiation, but their different mass can be detected using techniques like mass spectrometry. This allows researchers to study reaction mechanisms, metabolic pathways, and the bioavailability of compounds without the risks associated with radioactivity. Isotopmärka provides a powerful tool for understanding complex biological and chemical systems.