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Isotope analyses, also known as isotopic analysis, refer to a set of scientific techniques that examine the relative abundances of isotopes—atoms of the same element that differ in neutron number—in natural and synthetic samples. By measuring variations in stable or radioactive isotope ratios, researchers can infer processes that have altered the composition of environmental and biological materials over time.
In geology, isotope analyses of oxygen, carbon, strontium, and neodymium are routinely used to reconstruct past
Archaeologists apply isotope studies to human and animal remains to trace migration patterns, dietary preferences, and
In environmental science, isotope tracers are employed to monitor pollutant sources, track water pathways, and examine
The fundamental principles of isotope analysis involve separating isotopes by mass spectrometry, which quantifies the mass-to-charge