isotoonilisi

Isotoonilisi refers to solutions that have the same osmotic pressure as a particular solution. Most commonly, this term is used in biology and medicine to describe solutions that are isotonic with blood plasma. An isotonic solution has the same concentration of solutes as the cells it is in contact with, meaning there is no net movement of water across the cell membrane due to osmosis.

When a cell is placed in an isotonic solution, water will move into and out of the cell at equal rates. This prevents the cell from shrinking or swelling. In contrast, a hypotonic solution has a lower solute concentration, causing water to rush into the cell, potentially leading to lysis or bursting. A hypertonic solution has a higher solute concentration, drawing water out of the cell and causing it to shrivel or crenate.

Physiological saline, a 0.9% sodium chloride solution, is a common example of an isotonic solution used in medical settings for intravenous fluid replacement and to irrigate wounds. Other solutions, like Ringer's lactate, are also designed to be isotonic with blood. The concept of isotonicity is crucial for maintaining cellular integrity and function in biological systems and for the safe administration of fluids to patients.