isothiazolino
Isothiazolinones are a class of organic compounds widely used as biocides, particularly in industrial and consumer products. Structurally, they are five-membered heterocyclic compounds containing a nitrogen atom and a sulfur atom, characterized by the isothiazolone ring. The most common representatives include methylisothiazolinone (MIT), benzisothiazolinone (BIT), and octylisothiazolinone (OIT), each differing in their side chains and properties.
These compounds are effective against a broad spectrum of microorganisms, including bacteria, fungi, and algae, making
However, concerns regarding their potential toxicity and allergenic effects have prompted regulatory scrutiny. Studies have linked
Synthetic routes to isothiazolinones typically involve the condensation of thioglycolic acid or its derivatives with aldehydes
Despite their effectiveness, alternatives such as quaternary ammonium compounds, glutaraldehyde, and natural-based preservatives are increasingly being