isoprostanones

Isoprostanones are a class of lipid peroxidation products that are structurally related to prostaglandins. They are formed through non-enzymatic oxidation of polyunsaturated fatty acids, primarily arachidonic acid, in cell membranes and lipoproteins. This process is analogous to the formation of isoprostanes, which are formed from the same precursors but have a different ring structure. Isoprostanones are characterized by a cyclic endoperoxide or epoxide structure and can exist in various isomeric forms.

The generation of isoprostanones is considered a marker of oxidative stress in biological systems. Their levels have been found to be elevated in various pathological conditions associated with increased reactive oxygen species production, such as cardiovascular diseases, inflammatory disorders, neurodegenerative diseases, and aging. Isoprostanones can exert biological effects, including vasoconstriction, platelet aggregation, and inflammation, by interacting with prostaglandin receptors or through other signaling pathways. Their presence and potential biological activity contribute to the overall oxidative damage observed in these conditions. Research into isoprostanones aims to understand their role in disease pathogenesis and their potential as biomarkers for oxidative stress.