isopropyltoluene

Isopropyltoluene, also known as cymene, is a naturally occurring aromatic organic compound. It is a derivative of toluene, with an isopropyl group attached to the benzene ring. There are three positional isomers of isopropyltoluene: ortho-cymene, meta-cymene, and para-cymene. Para-cymene is the most common and commercially significant isomer.

Isopropyltoluene is found in essential oils of various plants, including cumin and thyme, contributing to their characteristic aromas. It is produced industrially through the alkylation of toluene with propylene. The primary use of isopropyltoluene, particularly para-cymene, is as a precursor in the synthesis of other chemicals. It is an intermediate in the production of cresols, which are used in disinfectants, plastics, and resins. Para-cymene is also employed as a solvent and as a component in some fragrances and flavorings.

In terms of chemical properties, isopropyltoluene is a colorless liquid with a distinct odor. It is flammable and sparingly soluble in water but miscible with many organic solvents. Its chemical reactivity is typical of aromatic hydrocarbons, undergoing electrophilic aromatic substitution reactions. While generally considered to have low toxicity, prolonged exposure to high concentrations can cause irritation. Environmental considerations related to isopropyltoluene primarily involve its potential as a volatile organic compound (VOC) and its biodegradability.