ischiococcygeus

The ischiococcygeus muscle, also known as the coccygeus muscle, is one of the two muscles that make up the pelvic diaphragm. It is a small, triangular muscle located in the posterior part of the pelvic floor. The ischiococcygeus originates from the ischial spine and the sacrospinous ligament and inserts onto the lateral margin of the coccyx and the sacrum.

The primary action of the ischiococcygeus is to support the pelvic floor and assist in elevating the pelvic organs. It plays a role in defecation by contracting to help raise the diaphragm and pull the coccyx forward. It also contributes to the closure of the anal canal and helps to maintain continence. In females, it may assist in supporting the uterus.

Innervation to the ischiococcygeus is provided by the coccygeal nerve, a branch of the sacral plexus. Its blood supply comes from branches of the internal pudendal artery. Like other pelvic floor muscles, the ischiococcygeus can be affected by conditions such as childbirth, aging, or trauma, potentially leading to issues with pelvic organ support and continence. Physical therapy and exercises aimed at strengthening the pelvic floor muscles can help to maintain the integrity and function of the ischiococcygeus.