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Iron is a chemical element with the symbol Fe (from Latin: ferrum) and atomic number 26. It is a metal that belongs to the first transition series and group 8 of the periodic table. Iron is by mass the most common element on Earth, forming much of Earth's outer and inner core. It is the fourth most common element in the Earth's crust, and it is the most abundant element by mass forming the planet Earth as a whole.

Iron is a very important industrial metal that is primarily used to produce steel, which is used in construction and as a component in many manufactured goods. Iron is also used in the production of magnets, as it is one of the three naturally occurring ferromagnetic elements, along with nickel and cobalt. Iron is also essential for the transport of oxygen in the blood of many animals, including humans, through the protein hemoglobin.

Iron has been known since ancient times. It has a melting point of 1538 °C, a boiling point of 2861 °C, and a density of 7.87 grams per cubic centimeter. It is a relatively soft metal and is malleable, ductile, and easily machined. Iron is also highly reactive and forms oxides and hydroxides when exposed to air or water. The most common iron ore is hematite, which is a form of iron oxide.

Iron is an essential trace element for humans and other animals. It is a component of many enzymes and is involved in the transport of oxygen in the blood. Iron deficiency can lead to anemia, which is characterized by fatigue, weakness, and shortness of breath. Iron supplements are often used to treat iron deficiency anemia. However, excessive iron intake can also be harmful, as it can lead to iron overload and damage to the liver and other organs.