iridiumbased

Iridium-based materials are compounds or alloys in which iridium is a major component. Iridium is a rare, platinum-group metal known for very high density, a high melting point, and extreme resistance to corrosion, even in strong acids. These traits, together with versatile chemistry, make iridium-based systems valuable in demanding environments and high-temperature or chemically aggressive settings.

Common forms include iridium oxides such as IrO2, which are widely used as catalysts for electrochemical reactions, particularly the oxygen evolution reaction in acidic media. Iridium also features in organometallic and coordination compounds, including various Ir(III) and Ir(V) complexes employed in catalysis and synthesis. Iridium can form alloys with other metals (for example ruthenium, chromium, or tungsten) used for high-temperature crucibles, electrical contacts, and wear-resistant coatings. Commercial iridium materials span oxides, chlorides, and a range of nano- and microstructured particles that enhance catalytic activity or durability.

Applications of iridium-based materials are broad. In catalysis, IrO2-based catalysts support efficient water electrolysis and other oxidation reactions. Iridium complexes enable selective hydrofunctionalization and C–H activation in organic synthesis. In industry, iridium-containing coatings and alloys provide corrosion resistance and high-temperature performance for electrical contacts, spark plug components, and crucibles. Iridium-based catalysts also appear in chemical sensing and imaging contexts.

Sourcing and economics reflect iridium’s rarity and the byproduct nature of its extraction from nickel and platinum-group metal ores. While expensive, iridium’s stability and catalytic efficiency drive ongoing research into more effective and durable iridium-based systems.