irfan

Irfan (Arabic: عرفان) is a term meaning knowledge, recognition, or gnosis. In Arabic, the root ʿ-r-f conveys knowledge and awareness; in Persian and Urdu usage, irfan also carries connotations of spiritual or esoteric knowledge associated with Sufism.

As a given name, Irfan is common in the Muslim world, especially in South Asia and the Middle East. It is usually a masculine name. The meaning and cultural associations emphasize insight, learning, and discernment.

In Islamic philosophy and mysticism, irfan denotes intuitive, experiential knowledge reached through spiritual practice rather than formal scholarship. In Sufi contexts, ma'rifa (gnosis) is central, and irfan can describe the inner knowledge of the heart.

Notable people named Irfan include the Indian actor Irrfan Khan (1967–2020), the Indian cricketer Irfan Pathan (born 1984), and Indian historian Irfan Habib (born 1931). The name appears across the Muslim world in various fields, reflecting its longstanding association with knowledge and insight.