iodic

Iodic is an adjective in chemistry used to describe iodine-containing substances, particularly those in which iodine is in a higher oxidation state. The term is most commonly associated with iodic acid (HIO3) and the iodate ion (IO3−), where iodine is in the +5 oxidation state. In this sense, iodic compounds are those derived from or related to iodic acid.

Iodic acid is a known oxidizing agent, and it forms salts called iodates. Iodates have the general formula MIO3, where M is a metal such as potassium or sodium. These iodate salts are stable and widely used as reagents in chemical synthesis. They also serve as sources of dietary iodine in certain fortification programs, although iodide salts are more common in many applications due to cost and solubility considerations.

In contrast to other iodine oxidation states, iodic compounds are more oxidized than iodous species (IO2−, +3) and iodide (I−), but less oxidized than periodic acid (HIO4, +7). Preparation of iodic compounds typically involves oxidation of iodine-containing species under controlled conditions, producing iodic acid or salts.

Applications of iodic species include use as reagents in organic and inorganic synthesis and as auxiliary sources of iodine in health and nutrition contexts. They are generally handled under standard chemical safety practices, with attention to oxidizing properties.

See also: iodide, iodate, iodous acid, periodic acid.