inta2b2

Inta2b2, also known as the gene encoding integrin alpha-2b subunit, plays a crucial role in the human body's blood clotting system. This protein is a component of integrin alpha-IIb beta-3 (GPIIb/IIIa), a receptor found on the surface of platelets. Integrins are a class of cell surface receptors that mediate cell-cell and cell-extracellular matrix interactions. The alpha-2b subunit, along with its beta-3 partner, forms the most abundant integrin in platelets and is essential for platelet aggregation.

The primary function of the integrin alpha-IIb beta-3 receptor is to bind fibrinogen, a protein that circulates in the blood. When platelets are activated, for example, during an injury to a blood vessel, this receptor undergoes a conformational change, allowing it to bind fibrinogen. Fibrinogen then acts as a bridge, linking activated platelets together and forming a platelet plug, which is the initial step in hemostasis, the process of stopping bleeding.

Mutations in the gene encoding the alpha-2b subunit can lead to a severe bleeding disorder called Glanzmann thrombasthenia. In this condition, the alpha-IIb beta-3 receptor is either absent or non-functional, impairing platelet aggregation and leading to prolonged bleeding after even minor injuries. Research into inta2b2 and the alpha-IIb beta-3 receptor has been vital for understanding platelet function and developing treatments for bleeding disorders and thrombotic events.