insulinPI3KAKTmTOR
The insulin-PI3K-AKT-mTOR pathway, also referred to as the insulin signaling pathway through PI3K/AKT/mTOR, is a central intracellular cascade triggered by insulin binding to the insulin receptor. Activation leads to tyrosine phosphorylation of IRS proteins, recruitment of PI3K, conversion of PIP2 to PIP3, and recruitment of PDK1 and AKT to the membrane. AKT is activated by phosphorylation at Thr308 by PDK1 and at Ser473 by mTORC2.
Active AKT promotes glucose uptake via GLUT4 translocation, stimulates glycogen synthesis, and inhibits apoptosis. It also
Physiological roles of the insulin-PI3K-AKT-mTOR axis include regulation of glucose metabolism, cell growth, and autophagy, making