infrastrukturi
Infrastrukturi refers to the fundamental facilities and systems needed for the functioning of a society or enterprise. It encompasses both tangible networks such as roads, railways, airports, ports, electricity and water supply, telecommunications, and digital networks, and the institutions, policies, and standards that enable their design, operation, and governance.
Hard infrastructure includes transportation networks, energy grids, water and sewer systems, and communications networks. Soft infrastructure
Historically, infrastructure development has followed industrial and urban growth, shaping economic performance by reducing transaction costs,
Interdependencies exist among subsystems: energy supply affects transportation and digital services; water and sanitation support health
Measuring infrastructure involves indicators of capacity, reliability, coverage, affordability, and service quality. Effective infrastructure policy balances