infligé

Infligí is the first-person singular form in the pretérito indefinido (simple past) of the Spanish verb infligir, meaning to cause something undesirable to someone, such as pain, damage, or a penalty. It is a transitive verb and is used when the subject directly imposes or imposes consequences on another person or entity.

Etymology and origin: infligir comes from Latin inflicere, through the development of Old Spanish infligir. The sense carries the idea of laying something upon another, typically harm, punishment, or costs, and it remains common in legal, sports, and narrative contexts.

Conjugation and forms: infligir is irregular in some tenses. In the present indicative the forms are inflijo, infliges, inflige, infligimos, infligís, infligen. In the pretérito indefinido, the first-person singular is infligí, with infligiste, infligió, infligimos, infligisteis, infligieron completing the paradigm. The accent marks on the preterite forms help distinguish them from other tenses. The verb also has a regular set of forms in several other tenses and moods (subjunctive, imperfect, future).

Usage notes: infligir is commonly paired with direct objects such as daño (damage), dolor (pain), pérdidas (losses), or sanción/castigo (penalty, punishment). It is more formal or literary in tone than more everyday verbs like causar. In legal or journalistic writing, infligir is frequently used to describe penalties, damages, or punitive actions.

Examples: El equipo infligió una derrota contundente al rival. El árbitro infligió una sanción al jugador. La compañía infligió pérdidas significativas a los accionistas.