individualists

Individualists are proponents of individualism, a philosophy or outlook that assigns primary moral and political value to the individual. They emphasize autonomy, self-ownership, and the protection of individual rights, especially life, liberty, and property. In political thought, individualists typically favor limited or minimal government, voluntary association, and free markets, arguing that coercive power is legitimate only to defend rights.

Historically, individualism emerged from Enlightenment liberalism. Thinkers such as John Locke defended natural rights and property as foundations of social order. Classical liberalism in the 18th and 19th centuries stressed individual liberty against state and aristocratic privileges. In the 20th century, various strands appeared, including libertarianism and laissez-faire economics, as well as Objectivism, Ayn Rand's system, which centers on rational self-interest and individual rights.

Variants and critique: Some critics view radical individualism as neglecting social bonds, welfare, or public goods. Proponents contend that voluntary cooperation and private institutions can meet social needs without coercive collectivism. Debates concern the proper role of government, property rights, and the balance between individual freedom and social responsibility.

Notable figures include John Locke, Friedrich Hayek, Robert Nozick, Ayn Rand, and Murray Rothbard. Related concepts include liberalism, libertarianism, and anarchism.