inalatori

Inalatori, or inhalers in English, are medical devices designed to deliver medications directly to the lungs as an aerosol or dry powder. They aim to provide rapid, localized treatment for respiratory conditions while minimizing systemic side effects. Inalatori include several categories such as metered-dose inhalers, dry powder inhalers, soft mist inhalers, and nebulizers.

Metered-dose inhalers release a fixed amount of drug with each actuation and are commonly used with spacers to improve deposition. Dry powder inhalers rely on patient inhalation to aerate the powder, requiring a strong inspiratory effort. Soft mist inhalers and nebulizers offer smoother plumes and may be easier for some patients.

Medications delivered by inalatori include bronchodilators, corticosteroids, and combination therapies to control symptoms and prevent exacerbations in asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Inhaled delivery concentrates the drug in the lungs, reducing systemic exposure compared with oral formulations.

Development of modern inhalers progressed through the 20th century, with metered-dose, dry powder, and soft mist devices becoming common tools in routine care. Nebulizers have remained in use for patients with limited capacity to use handheld devices or in hospital settings.

Regulatory bodies in many countries set standards for inhaler design, labeling, and quality control. Proper technique, device maintenance, and adherence influence effectiveness and safety, and access to inhalers varies across healthcare systems.