imperfectivními

Imperfectivními is the instrumental plural form of the Czech adjective imperfectivní, meaning “imperfective.” In grammar, imperfectivní describes verbs and actions viewed without reference to a defined endpoint, often emphasizing duration, repetition, or habit. In Slavic linguistics, imperfective aspect contrasts with perfective; many verbs have paired imperfective and perfective forms, typically related through prefixes or derivational changes.

In Czech, aspect is primarily lexical rather than inflectional. Imperfective verbs express ongoing, repeated, or habitual actions, while their perfective counterparts denote a single completed event. The choice of aspect affects narrative viewpoint and temporal interpretation, especially in past and future contexts.

Imperfectivními is used when describing something in the instrumental plural case. For example: s imperfectivními slovesy means with imperfective verbs; imperfectivními formami refers to imperfective forms. The instrumental plural ending -nými attaches to the adjective to agree with a plural noun in instrumental case.

Formation and usage: many Czech imperfective verbs form their aspect without prefixes, whereas many perfective verbs are derived from imperfective stems by prefixes such as z-, vy-, do-, or na-. For example, psát (to write, imperfective) vs napsat (to write, perfective). In past tense, imperfective and perfective verbs interact with auxiliary verbs to convey nuances of durative versus completed actions.

Overall, imperfectivními signals the use of the imperfective aspect in a plural instrumental context, illustrating how Czech morphology encodes aspect through agreement in case, number, and gender.