immunoglobulinsuperfamiljen
Immunoglobulins, or antibodies, are glycoprotein molecules produced predominantly by plasma cells derived from B lymphocytes. They are key effectors of the adaptive immune response, recognizing specific antigens and mediating their neutralization and clearance.
Each immunoglobulin molecule is Y-shaped, with two identical heavy chains and two identical light chains held
Diversity is generated by VDJ recombination, junctional diversity, and somatic hypermutation; B cells can switch isotypes
Functions include antigen binding, neutralization of pathogens and toxins, opsonization to promote phagocytosis, activation of the
Clinical aspects: Serum immunoglobulin levels are measured to diagnose immunodeficiencies or monitor therapy. Primary and secondary