ikkiligevægtstilstande
Ikkeligevægtstilstande, also known as non-equilibrium states, refer to systems that are not in thermal equilibrium. In a state of equilibrium, macroscopic properties of a system, such as temperature, pressure, and chemical composition, remain constant over time and there is no net flow of energy or matter. Non-equilibrium states, conversely, are characterized by ongoing processes, flows, and changes.
These states are ubiquitous in nature and science. Examples include the Earth's atmosphere, which is constantly
Studying non-equilibrium states is crucial for understanding many phenomena. Thermodynamics of irreversible processes, for instance, deals