igéosztályok

Igeosztályok, often translated as verb classes or verb groups, are a grammatical concept used in linguistics to categorize verbs based on their morphological and syntactic behavior. Different languages exhibit different systems of verb classification. These classes often share common patterns in how they inflect for tense, aspect, mood, voice, and person. They also tend to behave similarly in relation to other grammatical elements, such as the types of arguments they can take or their participation in syntactic constructions.

For example, in some languages, verbs might be grouped into classes that indicate whether they are transitive or intransitive, or whether they are active or stative. The specific criteria for defining these classes vary significantly across languages. Some systems are based on the verb's stem, while others consider the endings or suffixes it takes. Understanding verb classes is crucial for analyzing a language's grammar, as it helps predict a verb's form in various contexts and its role in sentence construction. This classification system aids in both descriptive linguistics and in the development of language learning materials.