iborat

Iborat is an adjective used in Turkic languages, including Uzbek and Turkish, meaning “made up of” or “consisting of.” It is used to describe something that comprises multiple parts or components.

In these languages, iborat usually follows the noun it modifies and is combined with a postposition to indicate the parts from which the whole is formed. For example, in Uzbek you say “ikki qismdan iborat” meaning “consisting of two parts”; in Turkish you say “iki bölümden ibarettir” meaning “is made up of two sections.”

The term has Turkic origins and is widely attested across related languages. In Turkish, a closely related form, ibaret (and the predicative ibarettir), is used in similar constructions to express composition or enumeration, although it can also occur in other set phrases with different meanings.

Examples:

- Uzbek: Kitob ikki bobdan iborat. (The book is made up of two chapters.)

- Turkish: Bu kitap iki bölümden ibarettir. (This book is composed of two sections.)

Iborat is commonly found in formal or written contexts, such as descriptions, specifications, and official texts, where precise enumeration of components or parts is required. It is less typical in everyday spoken language, where shorter phrases or synonyms may be preferred.