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Hypochlorous acid is a weak acid with the chemical formula HClO. It is a solution of chlorine in water and is commonly used as a disinfectant and bleaching agent. Hypochlorous acid is formed when chlorine gas dissolves in water, releasing heat in the process. It is a strong oxidizing agent and can react with a wide range of organic and inorganic substances.

Hypochlorous acid is used in various applications, including water treatment, swimming pool sanitation, and as a disinfectant in household cleaning products. It is effective against bacteria, viruses, and fungi, making it a popular choice for sanitizing surfaces and treating water. However, it is important to handle hypochlorous acid with care, as it can cause skin and eye irritation and is toxic if ingested.

The pH of a hypochlorous acid solution is typically between 2 and 5, depending on the concentration of the acid. At higher concentrations, hypochlorous acid can decompose into chlorine gas and water, releasing heat in the process. This decomposition can be accelerated by heat, light, and the presence of certain catalysts.

Hypochlorous acid is also used in the production of various chemicals, including bleaching agents, disinfectants, and antiseptics. It is a versatile compound that has a wide range of applications in industry and everyday life. However, its use should be carefully monitored to ensure safety and effectiveness.