hämolytischurämischem

Hämolytischurämisches Syndrom, often abbreviated as HUS, is a serious medical condition characterized by a combination of hemolytic anemia, thrombocytopenia, and acute kidney injury. It is a microangiopathic hemolytic anemia, meaning that red blood cells are destroyed as they pass through damaged small blood vessels. The low platelet count, or thrombocytopenia, results from platelets being consumed in the clotting process within these damaged vessels. The kidney damage can range from mild to severe, potentially leading to kidney failure.

The most common cause of HUS, particularly in children, is infection with Shiga toxin-producing *Escherichia coli* (STEC), most notably the O157:H7 strain. Other bacterial infections can also trigger HUS. In some cases, HUS can occur without an identifiable infectious cause, and is then referred to as atypical HUS (aHUS). aHUS is often linked to genetic defects in the regulation of the complement system, a part of the immune system. Symptoms can include bloody diarrhea, abdominal pain, fever, and decreased urine output. Prompt diagnosis and supportive care are crucial for managing HUS, with treatment often involving fluid management, blood transfusions, and dialysis in severe cases.