hypopnéa

Hypopnea is a condition characterized by abnormally shallow breathing or a slow respiratory rate. It is often discussed in the context of sleep-disordered breathing, particularly obstructive sleep apnea. During a hypopneic event, there is a reduction in airflow, typically by at least 30% of the normal rate, lasting for at least 10 seconds, accompanied by a partial closure of the upper airway. This reduction in airflow leads to a decrease in oxygen levels in the blood and can cause brief awakenings from sleep.

Unlike an apnea, which involves a complete cessation of breathing, a hypopnea involves a significant but incomplete decrease in airflow. The physiological impact of hypopnea is similar to apnea, as both can disrupt sleep quality and lead to daytime sleepiness, fatigue, and other health problems. Diagnosis of hypopnea is usually made through a sleep study called polysomnography, which monitors breathing patterns, oxygen saturation, and other physiological parameters during sleep. Treatment focuses on managing the underlying cause, which may include continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) therapy, lifestyle modifications, or surgical interventions.